Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide analogue of a fragment of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH 4-10). It was originally developed by the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences to provide powerful neuroprotective and nootropic benefits without the systemic hormonal side effects typically associated with ACTH. The peptide is structured with a Pro-Gly-Pro tripeptide sequence at its C-terminus, which protects it from rapid enzymatic degradation in the bloodstream. In research, Semax is primarily studied for its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and rapidly influence the central nervous system, where it modulates the expression of over 50 genes related to neuronal survival and inflammatory responses.
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